Client now reads host file to determine auto_sm and RPC protocol

Marc Vef authored Feb 25, 2020 and Alberto Miranda committed Jul 28, 2020

The `ChunkStorage` backend class on the daemon was throwing `system_errors` without being caught, crashing the server in the process. `ChunkStorage` now uses a designated error class for errors that might occur. In addition the dependency to Argobots was removed which was used to trigger `ABT_eventuals`, laying ground work for future non-Argobots IO implementations. Further, the whole class was refactored for consistency and failure resistance.

A new class `ChunkOperation` is introduced which wraps Argobots' IO task operations which allows the removal of IO queue specific code within RPC handlers, i.e., read and write handlers. The idea is to separate eventuals, tasks and their arguments from handler logic into a designated class. Therefore, an object of an inherited class of `ChunkOperation` is instantiated within the handlers that drives all IO tasks. The corresponding code was added to the read and write RPC handlers. Note, `ChunkOperation` is not thread-safe and is supposed to be called by a single thread.

In addition, truncate was reworked for error handling (it crashed the server on error) and that it uses the IO queue as well since truncate causes a write operation and should not overtake IO tasks in the queue.

The chunk stat rpc handler was refactored for error handling and to use error codes as well. 

Further minor changes:
- dead chunk stat code has been removed
- some namespaces were missing: `gkfs::rpc`
- more flexible handler cleanup and response code
- fixed a bug where the chunk dir wasn't removed when the metadata didn't exist on the same node

gkfs::hg_tag -> gkfs::rpc::tag
gkfs::utils -> gkfs::util
gkfs::client -> gkfs::util
gkfs::logging -> gkfs::log

Reformatted code w.r.t. unifying code styles as of the official
CPPCoreGuidelines by Stroustrup and Sutter

Restructuring code w.r.t. configurations and definitions:
- #defines have been mostly removed from configurations
- a dedicated config file has been added for configurations with constexpr
- past configure file is now only a cmake wrapper
- wrapping global functions into namespaces

Removed all adafs and ifs occurrences. Now called gkfs

CREATE_CHECK_PARENTS controls if the existance of the parent node needs
to be checked during the creation of a child node.

Example: The check prevents the creation of file `/parent/child`
if `/parent` doesn't exists or if it is not a directory

By default CREATE_CHECK_PARENTS is enable and the check is enforced.
It can be disable to speedup creation operations by passing
`-DCREATE_CHECK_PARENTS:BOOL=OFF` as cmake parameter.

The new `LOG_SYSCALLS` Cmake flag can be used to enable verbose logging of
system calls interception.

We don't want the log file to be created before command line parsing,
otherwise --version or --help cli option could not work beacause we
don't have permission to write to log file.

Port is only meaningful for some of the communication protocols. For
instance psm2 is not using it at all.

Port can be still specified using the --listen,-l flag:

Example:
```
gkfs_daemon --listen "localhost:1234"
```